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. Cigarette Sale Highest Ever,23 W t~hita, Kansas'No-Smoking Push Intensified March 12, 1967 By ROBERT GOLDENSTEtN CHICAGO - Just over three years ago, the advisory committee to 4he U.S. surgeon general warned thav cigarette smoking was injurious to health. Today, cigarette sales are at an all - time high. Health warnings now are required on cigarette packages, medical reports con- tending that smoking is harmful con- tinue to pile up and anti~ - cigarette campaigns are widespread. Yet some medical authorities estimate that eadi day 4,000 young persons try smoking for the first time. Cigarette withdrawal clinics report considerably more failures than successes in leading smokers to their goal of breaking the habit. What'happens next?: A survey of the situation shows anti- smoking drives will be intensified, cigar- ette commercials may be dropped on television shows that appeal to youth and scientists will continue efforts to fibd what they regard as a"safe" cigar- ette. Action is proceeding on these fronts: Scientists working under a grant from the American Cancer Society say they have.deveVoped averya promising techni- que for t esting whether a cigarette can be made "safe" or "safer" when smoke is inhaled directly into the lungs of ex- perimental i animals. Various research groups aree working with~~ filters, modifiedd tobacco and to- bacco substitutes in efforts to come up sith a "safe" cigarette. The secretary of health, education and welfare and ~ the Federal Trade. Commis- sion ~ will take a new look this vear at current information on the health can- seqwences ob smoking and the effective• ness of present warning labels on cigar- ette packages. The FTC will make new recommendations to Congress. The FTC has decided to test cfgar- ettes and publish.its findings on the nico- tine and'.tar content of the various' brands.. Abill'before. Congress would'd require cigarette companies to publish - the tar and~ nicotine content on labelss and the FTC laboratoryy would make a close check on ciaims. The American. -Medical Association is ~ supporting more than 40 research pro- jects which its spokesmen say cotild', poduce answers to these questions: How does tobacco smoke produce dam, age to the human body? Why do some people appear to tolerate the effects of smoking better than others? Is there aa single factor involved in tobacco smoke danger or are there several'faaors? The American Cancer Society, assert- Ing "far more must be done in the field of smoking and health," is planning to push iueducational campaign in films, cartoon books; workshops, pamphlets and: youth~conferences: "dayin and.d.ayouCand! . in asustatned and systematic manner." The.\ational.Cnngressof Parents and Teachers, supported in its first yeae by. {a7,000 in funds from the U, S. Public Health Service, has undertaken a na- tionwide program in schools to keep seventh and eight-grade children from smoking. Key personnel in the eduea- tional program will be PTA representa- tives serving as "room mothcrs" in indi- vidual classrooms. The cigarette Industry, conlending that no real'proof has been paGforward that smoking is harmful to health, has. allocated nearly $20 million to indepen- dent scientists for research on the cause of such diseases as cancer and heartl flICAAte !. The Tobacco Institute, representing the industry, said in a statementt "At the present time, we do nnt pre. sume to know the causes of such diseases as lung cancer or heart disease. Nor do we believe the critics of smoking know the answers,. We intend to continue to encourage scientists to investigate all facets: of the question~ without fear or favor." The ei'g a re t t e advertising code's "youth rule" became effective in Sep• temtier. It attempts to provide a buffer zone between shows with youthful ap peal and! commercials selling cigaret- tes. It is apparent that all the research now under way will not yield new an- swers for some time, perhapss years. Forr the nation's millions of cigarette smok- ers, the problem and decisions haven'tt changed since the surgeon generaPs committee report on smoking aad health. The smoker still faces these choices: Continue the habit unchanged, cut down on the amount of smoking or quit en- tirely. The American~ Cancer Society, the American Heart Association, the U.S. Public Health Service and vasious other medical groups and researchers state flatly that research has shown cigarette smoking is a serious health hazard. On the other side,, and fewer in num- beq some physicians, research person- nelan& health statisticianss contend no proob of this has been forthcoming. I Prof. K., A.~ Brownlee, statistician att th'e~ University~ of'.. Chicago, says thatt whdee statistics seertt too support the theory that cigarette smoking causes Wng cancer and other diseases, they also support other theories. The mainm alternative to the smoking theory, he says, is the proposal'that the kinds of people who smoke may' also be the kinds of people who are more susceptible to certain diseases because of hereditary or genetic influnces. "My opinion iss tharthe (surgeon gen- eral's) committee has not established the case for causality in limg cancer," he said: The Council I for Tbbaeco Research - U.S.A:,., thetobaccoind'ustry's sponsor- ing agencyy for a program of' research intoo questions of tobaccoo use and health takes the same position, Smokingg withdrawal clinics.have had variable. success in helping volunteers break the babit. Roswell Park Memorial i Institute, New York State's cancer research treatment center in Buffalo, reports that none of the 20 men who voLunteered in 1ts first smoking clinic were nonsmokers a year ..latcr. only one abstaihed! as long as eight months., However6 the Hinsdale Sanitarium and Hospitallin the Chicago area. which has enrolled more than 1,000 smokers in withdrawal clinics, estimates that 30 per cent were not smoking one year later and can be classed as nonsmokers. IVil]is C: Graves, who deals with the psychological aspect ot the program at the sanitarium, was asked what it takes to break the habit. "It takess a firm decisionj" hesaid.- "You've got to really want to quit ih the first place. We have no magic Ih- jection or pilll that makes it easy." Graves said follow - up studies showed that in~ addition to the more than 300 smoking cures credited dBrectly' to his clinic, 200 other persons - relatives or friends of the enrollees - quit smoking on their own: Doctors as a group have been fairly successful in breaking the cigarette h'abii: , - The American Cancer Society esti- mates that only 30 per cent of the na- tion's doctors now smoke cigarettes com- pared'. with fA per cent before reports of health hazards in smoking appeared in the medical literature. A technique for aiding individuals who have been advised to stop smoking be. cause of chronic lung, stomach or cir- culatory diseases which threaten their lives has been developed by Drs Irving Perlstein of the University of Lottis. ville School of Medicine. Ha gives patients a plastic cigarette case with a tight fitting lid that holds one package. The tight lid prevents the patient from reaching into a pocket or purse with one hand' to withdraw a cigarette. Pasted'on both front and back of the case are ]atiets reading: "Do I reaBjr want a cigarette?"' "Many oU the heavy smokera with whom I have come into therapeutic con- tact have been able to cut their cigarette consump,tion~ by as much as. 50 to 73 per cent within the first three or four days by the simple application of this prindples" he said. He added that this program of itster- mittent smoking also has proved very effective: For the first'three days the patient fi i instructed to smoke all the cigarettes he wants for a single hour and then abstain completely for the next hour, continuing the cycle throughout the day. For the next three days he is in. structed to increase the no - smoking interval to two hours while holding the smokinR intcrvalto one hour. The no - smoking periods aree inereased by one:hour at successivethree- dayintervals until the patient if smoking at 1003042989

EAGLE Cigarette Sale Highest Ever; No-Smoking. Push Intensified (Continued from Page lit) quently lower. The problem of t'otal ces- most~ only one hour, three times a day. sation from this point on becomes con- He said: siderably less difficult. Cigarette smoking by this time is usual= "Throughout all of these successive re- ly under 10 cigarettes a day and fre- duction phases, the doctor should em- Dr. Jrving Perlstein of Louisville, Ky., weans pa- tients from smoking with a cigarette case wifh a tightfitting lid and a label on each side reading: "Do I really want a cigarette?" - phasize to the patient that he should smoke only when he has a real desire, and not from automatic compulsion. :iiuch smoking is done on an automatic, subconscious level rather than from a genuine conscious desire." Researchers have had conflicting re- ports on the value of tablets containing lobeline sulphate in breaking the cigar- ette habit. Lobeline resembles nicotine both chemically and pharmacologically. Like nicotine, but to a lesser extent, it has a stimulant effect' on the central nervous system. Why do people smoke? Some researchers believe psychology may play a powerful role. They say a cigarette represents a reward a smoker can offer himself whenever he wishes and thus provides a psychological lift. Benefit Undetermined Although the surgeon generaFs com- mittee labeled cigarette smoking a sig- nificant health hazard, it concluded'there may be beneficial effects from smoking in the area of mental health. Their report said: "The purported benefits on m e n t a 1 health are so intangible and elusive, so intricately woven into the whole fab- ric of human behavior,, so subject to moral interpretation and censure, so difficult of medical evaluation and so controversial in nature that few scien- tific groups have attempted to study the subject. "The drive to use tobacco being funda- mentally psychogenic in, origin has the same basis as other drug habits and in a large fraction of the American popula- tion appears to satisfy the total need of the individual for a psychological crutch. "An attempted evaluation of smoking on mental health becomes more realistic if one is willing to confront the question, ridiculous as it' may seem: What would satisfy the psychological needs of 70 million Americans who smoked in, 1963 if they were suddenly deprived of tn- baecn? Clearly there is no definitive answer to this question . ." Whatever the reasons for smoking, more cigarettes are being smoked, al- though not necessarily on a per-capita basis. The Agriculture Department esti- mated total consumption last' year was at a record high, 2.5 per cent above the previous year and 35 per cent higher than 10 years ago. The Associat.A Press 24